ENVIS Centre, Ministry of Environment & Forest, Govt. of India

Printed Date: Wednesday, December 11, 2024

Common Tree Species for Revegetation

 Vegetation cover maintains terrestrial ecosystem in normal condition. Adequate revegetation at a site effectively protects soil, moisture and associated animal biodiversity. Regeneration of vegetation is therefore forms the prime focus in rehabilitation of any ecosystem. Selection of plant species for the same depends on (a) the environmental or biophysical characteristics of the disturbed site; (b) species life-history characteristics, and (c) present successional state.

Tree Species for Revegetation
 
S.No.
Character
Species
1.       
Alkaline and saline soil
Acacia   nilotica, Agave   spp., Prosopis juliflora,
Eucalyptus robusta
2.       
Laterite soil
Ancardium occidentale, Swietenia mahogany, Xylia xylocarpa, Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus hybrid, Alstonia scholaris
3.       
Lime rich soil
Cupressus torulosa, Cleistanthus collinus, Ixora
parviflora
4.       
Stiff kankar clay
Acacia leucophloea, Prosopis spicigera, Balanites aegyptica, Capparis spp. Chloroxylon swietenia, Soymida febrifuga
5.       
Coastal sands
Casuarina equisetifolia, Anacardium occidentale
6.       
Marshy/water
logged/ water high regime zone
Salix tetrasperma, Sesbania grandiflora, Sizygium cumini, S. heynianum, Bischofia javanica, Bambusa arundinacea, Lagerstroemia flosreginae, Terminalia tomentosa, Pongamia pinnata, Terminalia arjuna, Vitex negundo, Ficus glomerata, Eucalyptus sp., Phoenix sylvestris, Pandanus odoratissimus
7.       
Salty    marshes     and
mud flates
Mangrove species, Bruguiera conjugata, Sonneratia  apetala, Heritiera minor, Aquilaria agallocha, Pandanus             fruitescence, P.nipa, Rhizophora muconata, Avincinia spp., Xylocarpus mollecensis
8.       
Dry rocks
Sterculia urens, Ficus arnottiana, F. tomentosa,
Gyrocarpus americanus, Euphorbia spp., Sarcostima acidum
9.       
Moist forest areas
Grewia    tilaefolia, Kydia   calycina, Terminalia
tomentosa, Dalbergia latifolia, Adina cordifolia, Dendrocalamus strictus, Pterocarpus marsupium, Bombax ceiba, Anogeissus latifolia, Desmodium spp, Lagerstroemia parviflora, Bridelia retusa, Syzygium cumini, Mellotus philippensis, Helicteres isora, Phoenix acaulis, Emblica officinalis, Albizia procera, Terminalina bellerica
10.  
Swampy forest areas
Pandanus     odoratissimus,    Ficus glomerulata,
Syzygium cumini, Toona ciliata, Putranjiva roxburghii, Salix tetrasperna, Pongamia pinnata, Terminalia arjuna
11.  
Shade bearer species
Toona   ciliata, Dalberigia    latifolia, Pterocarpus
marsupium, Albizia lebbeck (Tolerates light shade in early life), Azadiradta indica (Tolerates, light shade in early life), Mitragyna parvifolia, Pithocellobium dulce, Santalum album, Syzygium cumini, S. heyneanum, Mesua ferea, Shorea robusta (shade tolerate when young, shade bearer in later stage)
12.  
Shade demander species
Mellotus philippinensis, Epiphytic orchids
13.  
Good coppicer species
Acacia   catechu, Albizzia   spp., Anogeissus spp.,
Azadirachta indica, Butea monosperma, Cassia fistula, Dalbergia spp., Emblica officinalis, Garuga pinnata, Melia azidarachta, Ougeinla oojenensis, Salix tetrasperma, Robinia pseuidacacia, Sapium sebiferum, Shorea robusta, Syzygium cumini, Tectona grandis, Toona ciliata, Gmelina arborea, Morus alba, Prosopis juliflora, Prosopis spicigera, Terminalia tomentosa, Broussonetia popyrifera, Cleistanthus collinus
14.  
Fairly coppicing species
Pterocarpus marsupium,   Terminalia bellerica, T.
tomentosa, Aesculus indica, Chloroxylon swietinia, Hardwiakia binata, Juglans regia, Quercus incana, Q. lanuginosa, Q. semicarpifolia
 
15.  
Frost hardy/Frost
resistant species
Acacia   catechu, Anogeissus pendula, Dalbergia
sissoo,    Diospyros melanoxylon,            Madhuca                indica,
Stereospermum suaveolens, Toona ciliata, Ziziphus
jujuba, Albizia procera, Morus alba, Hardwickia binata, Ougenia oojeinensis, Pinus roxburghii, Schleichera oleosa
 
Source:  Singh, Sanjay. 2021. Ecorehabilitation of degraded lands. Prayagraj, Forest Research Centre for Eco-rehabilitation. 52p.